Titel
INTELLIGENCE UNLEASHED The causal relationship between intelligence test performanceand working memory capacity along with strategy use inRaven’s Advanced Progressives Matrices
AutorInnen
Esslinger, C., Plinke, E., Freichel, V., Briesemeister, J.
Abstract
Examining the experimental effect of working memory load on intelligence test performance, the present study conducts a conceptual replication of two central findings of Schubert et al. (2023) using a repeated measures design (N = 50). Moreover, we investigated strategy use in Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices (APM). In accordance with Schubert et al. (2023), we found that working memory load leads to a strong impairment of intelligence test performance. This result confirms the causal nature of the relationship between working memory capacity and fluid intelligence. Secondly, we hypothesized that more intelligent individuals are more impaired by high working memory load than less intelligent individuals. However, we could not replicate this effect found by Schubert et al. (2023). For solving matrices such as the APM, two major strategies "constructive matching" and "response elimination" are distinguished. Our third hypothesis stated that participants tend to use the more effective strategy constructive matching when exposed to a low working memory load but turn to the more efficient and less accurate response elimination strategy as the working memory load increases. Our results indicate that under low working memory load, participants are more inclined to use the constructive matching strategy than the response elimination strategy. Nevertheless, our results only partially confirmed this hypothesis as the usage of both strategies decreased under the exposure to high working memory load. This implicates that further strategies might be used when solving the APM under high working memory load.
Schlagworte
Raven's APM, Working Memory Capacity, cognitive processes, intelligence, strategy use